Introduction to computer:-

Introduction to computer:-

                                Let us begin with the word  'compute'  which means to 'calculate'. For a common man it's simply calculator, who works automatically and quite fast. For a person who knows much about it, computer is a machine capable of  solving problems and manipulating data.
                                 Thus, we may define computer as, " a  machine that performs tasks, such as calculations or electronic communication, under the control of a set of instructions called a program." Program usually reside within the computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer’s electronics, the program result and stored or routed to output devices, such as video display monitors. 
                               In other words, computer is an advance electronic device which process data & give information presently. It can solve any kinds of problem with suitable command or program. Computer is used for various fields like Education, Bank, Business, Re- search etc.

• Characteristics of computer :-

                   There are many characters of computers. Some of  them are as follows:-

1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Diligence
4. Versatility
5. Storage
6. Reliable                           

Advantages of Using Computers:- 

Now that we know the characteristics of computers, we can see the advantages that computers offer−

• 1. Computers can do the same task repetitively with same accuracy.
• 2. Computers do not get tired or bored.
• 3. Computers can take up routine tasks while releasing human resource for more intelligent functions.

• Dis-advantages of using computers :-

Despite so many advantages, computers have some disadvantages of their own −

• 1. Computers have no intelligence; they follow the instructions blindly without considering the outcome.
• 2. Regular electric supply is necessary to make computers work, which could prove difficult everywhere especially in developing nations.

• Classification of computer:- 

                        Computer has been divided into different categories. They have been classified on the basis of following grounds.They are as follows:-
                                   i. Classification according to work.
                                 ii.  Classification according to size.
                                iii.  Classification according to brand.

Digital Computers

1. Classification according to work:-

1.Digital computers: - 
 These computers are mostly used in the  Preparations of reports,  result and in various fields.
 Examples of digital computers are IBM, Apple,  and calculators etc. They performs calculations on on numbers i.e. binary digits (0s & 1s)
and operate them mathematically.

An Analog Computer

                     
2. Analog computer: - Analog computer is one which operates on continuous data. Such as the length of an object, the examples of analog computers are thermometer ,speedometer etc
They are special purpose machines, which performs a
particulartask and are mostly used in the field of sciences.

Hybrid Computer

3. Hybrid computer: - 

 Hybrid computer is the combination of the features of Analog & Digital computers.   It can do all types of tasks of Digital and Analog. Hybrid computer are mostly used in scientific research, industrial application,
 Aeroplane etc.

2. Classification according to size:-

Super Computers

1. Super computer: - super computer is the largest, fastest and the most expensive computer. It can process Hugh amount of data at short time.These types of computers are specially designed for scientific research, weather forecasting etc.




2. Mainframe computer: - It is also large computer designed for large scale data processing. This has a large capacity to handle huge numbers of records. More than 100 people can work at a time and communicate with different country.




3. Mini computer: - Mini computers are medium is size than mainframe computers but larger than microcomputer. In other words a computer smaller than a mainframe and larger than a microcomputer, intended to support multiple users is called mini computer.

Mini computer

4. Micro computer: - A microcomputer is a computer that uses a microprocessor chip as its CPU. They are often called personal computer because they are designed to be used by one person at a time. Example Desktop, Laptop, Apple etc.

Classification according to brand:-

IBM Computers

1. IBM Computer: - IBM PC is a microcomputer product by IBM Company. IBM Company is the largest compute manufacturing company. These computers are more reliable. It was complete system with a built in monitor, keyboard, and mouse and data storage. It was very expensive. It was specially designed for professional and scientific problem solver.

Apple Computers

2.Apple computer: - These computers are architecturally totally different than that of IBM not only hardware part, but there software architecture is also totally different.

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